Gastric cancer classification and transfer channels

(1) the location of gastric cancer gastric cancer can occur at any site in the stomach, more than half occurred in antrum, stomach and the anterior and posterior wall of small bend, followed in the cardia stomach in a relatively small area.
(2) Giant type of shape
1. Early gastric cancer regardless of the size, early lesions limited to the mucosa and submucosa. Separable uplift type (type polyps), the superficial type (gastritis type) and depressed (ulcer type) 3. Type-II again in a (uplift superficial type), II b (flat superficial type) and II c (SAG superficial type) three subtypes. Above all types can have different combinations. C + II II as a, c II + III, etc. (Figure 1). Early gastric cancer in diameter in 5 ~ 10 mm say small stomach, the diameter <5 mm said small gastric cancer.
2. In advanced stomach cancer also known as progressive gastric cancer, cancer lesions and myometrial invasion or full-thickness often transfer. The following types
(1) mushroom umbrella (or polypoid type): about advanced gastric cancer 1 / 4, cancer confined mainly to the growth of cavity, a nodular, polypoid, such as cauliflower rough surface, a central erosion, ulcers, also known as sarcoidosis mushroom umbrella (Color Chart 3). Cancer was discoid, edge higher, with the central ulcer say discoid mushroom umbrella. Antrum posterior wall of a small bend prominent stomach cavity tumors, slightly points fronds, a granular surface grievances and see that erosion. Mass slightly narrow base, was亚蒂type, no obvious infiltration around mucosal (2) ulcer type: about advanced gastric cancer 1 / 4. There were also limitations infiltration ulcers and ulcer-type, the former characterized by cancer limitations, a discoid, the central necrosis. Often large and deep ulcers; At the end of the general discontent ulcer, a marginal uplift embankment, or in the mouth of the volcano-shaped, to the deep tumor invasion, accompanied bleeding, perforation. The ulcer-invasive cancer was characterized by infiltrating growth, and often significantly to the formation of deep infiltration and around the tumor, a central necrotic ulcers, and often earlier transgression and serosa or lymph node metastasis.
(3) infiltrating: This type is divided into two kinds of limitations for infiltrating and invasive gastric cancer tissue layers, and more limited antrum, the infiltration of gastric wall thickening, acting like wrinkles wall disappeared, no more ulcers and nodules. Part of infiltration were confined to the stomach, saying "infiltration of limitations." The other is diffuse infiltrative type, also known as leather stomach cancer in the submucosal expansion of transgression and floors, is broad in scope, so that smaller stomach cavity, stomach rigid and mucosal still exist, there are congestion and edema without ulcers.
(4) mixed: while both these types of two or more lesions.
(5) Multiple cancer: cancer showed multifocal, even incompatible. As in atrophic gastritis occurred on the basis of gastric cancer that may fall under this type, often in the upper part of the stomach.
(3) organizations under the organizational structure type can be divided into 4. ① adenocarcinoma: including papillary adenocarcinoma, tubular adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma, according to their degree of differentiation into well differentiated, in the differentiation and poorly differentiated three kinds; ② undifferentiated carcinoma; ③ mucinous carcinoma (ie, signet ring cell carcinoma); ④ special type of cancer: including adenosquamous carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, carcinoid tumors, and so on.
According to organizations in areas can be divided into two types. ① intestinal type: cancer originated in the intestinal metaplasia glandular epithelial cancer tissue differentiation better shape and more of the giant mushroom umbrella; ② gastric type: gastric cancer originated in the inherent mucosa, including undifferentiated carcinoma and mucus cancer, poorly differentiated carcinoma, giant form of the ulcer-and more diffuse infiltrative type.
(D) transfer channels
1. Direct invasion of gastric cancer can be disseminated along the serosa directly to the mucosa or gastric wall, the development of esophageal or duodenum. Once the tumor invasion and serosa, that is easy to adjacent organs or tissues around like liver, pancreas, spleen, transverse colon, jejunum, diaphragm, abdominal wall, and so greater omentum and infiltration. Exfoliated cells also in abdominal, pelvic, rectal and bladder ovarian lacunae and other places.
2. Lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer metastasis of 70%, the lower part of stomach cancer often transferred to Helicobacter pylori, and gastric under the celiac artery, and other adjacent lymph nodes, and the upper pancreatic cancer often transferred to the adjacent cardiac side, stomach upper lymph node. Advanced cancer may be transferred to the aorta and diaphragm on the surrounding lymph nodes. Because abdominal lymph nodes and thoracic duct direct traffic, it can be transferred to the left supraclavicular lymph nodes.
3. The transfer of blood can be found in the peripheral blood of patients with cancer can be transferred through the portal vein to the liver, and up to the lung, bone, kidney, brain, the meninges, spleen, skin and other places.