Anthrax

Anthrax (anthrax) is caused by the Bacillus anthracis zoonotic diseases. Former grazing animals (sheep, cattle and horses) infectious diseases These contacts were sick animals and their products or consumption of meat and sick animals are infected. The major clinical manifestations of partial skin necrosis and specificity of the black scab, or the performance of the lungs, intestine and meningeal acute infection, sometimes accompanied by anthrax septicemia. Bacillus anthracis etiology of Gram-positive bacilli thick, 5 ~ 10μm long, wide a ~ 3μm, ends-cutting, If the mixture with no flagellum, not sports. And in vivo with Clostridium in vitro formed under conditions not suitable for spores. The bacteria-breeding with the general resistance of bacteria, Bacillus its strong resistance in the soil can survive for decades. in fur products can survive in 90. Boil 40 minutes, 140 ° C-hot three-hour, high-pressure steam 10 minutes, 20% bleaching powder and lime immersion on the 2nd, 5% Carbolic 24 hours to kill. In agar growth medium broth good. Pathogenicity of the fungus strong. Bacillus anthracis There are four main types of antigens : ?٠Clostridium peptide antigen, anti phagocytosis. ?ڠbacterial polysaccharide antigen, imparting specificity. ?۠spores antigen. ?ܠprotective antigen, a protein, is the anthrax toxin component. With the strain are three kinds of toxins, in addition to protective antigen, there are edema toxin, lethal factor. Epidemiology (1) the major source of infection for the disease of grazing animals such as cattle, sheep, horses and camels, followed by pigs and dogs They can devour bacteria contaminated food. Direct or indirect contact with their secretions and faeces of infected. Anthracnose of sputum, faeces and exudative lesions were contagious. (2) a transmission route. As mucosal skin wounds and direct contact with pathogenic bacteria. Virulence power can be directly attacks the skin integrity. 2. By the inhalation of anthrax spores with the dust, droplets, and other pathogens. 3. By the digestive tract intake of contaminated food or drinking water, and other infections. (3) the susceptibility crowd generally susceptible, but more common in herdsmen, slaughtering and fur processing, veterinary and laboratory personnel. And the incidence of human or otherwise closely related to the resistance. (4) popular feature on animals and the incidence among the crowd to a certain extent, Livestock epidemic caused numerous factors also popular with the crowd of factors. The disease occurs worldwide, the incidence over the summer.