Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis outlined (leptospirosis) called leptospirosis. Pathogenicity of leptospirosis caused by natural foci of acute infectious diseases. The clinical features of fever, body ache, weakness, the ball with congestive membranes, lymph nodes and muscle pain obvious. Weight may develop pulmonary bleeding, jaundice, meningitis and kidney failure. 1886, Weil reported for the first time the disease, known as ear disease, confirmed as jaundice leptospirosis. 1914. Paddy leptospirosis patients with the blood of infected animals; 1916. Well norvegicus and the switch from rat kidney ditch see with narcotics investigation of leptospirosis; 1917 ~ 1918, I think from the wild patients body found in rats with leptospirosis known spirochetes, it named as leptospirosis. Ancient Chinese medical book is "fighting Valley yellow", "rice disease" records, and similar modern leptospirosis, Until 1943 only officially reported. Pathogenic Leptospira bacteria slim, and formation of C - or S-shaped, 6 ~ 20μm long, and wide 0.1-0.2μm. 12 ~ 18 dense spiral, one end or both ends was bending wire, without flagellum. Always with silver staining was black, Giemsa staining maitain light red. Are using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining. In the dark field microscopy can be directly observed morphology, cell shiny beads like, lively movement, was a special spiral movement. Electron microscope from leptospirosis cylindrical cell, the axoneme and adventitia. Protoplasts outside the protection of the outer membrane antigens. Leptospirosis is 95.00, in the rabbit serum containing Kesuofu (korghof) medium, pH 7.2 ~ 7.4, 28 ° C, under conditions of a two-week side growth. Also available Jin-young guinea pigs and hamsters were inoculated intraperitoneally with separation. Leptospirosis resistance to the outside world quite strong, cold and wet environment Alkalescent survive much longer. The brook and Water can survive a few days until they have a great deal. On drying, heat, acid, alkali and disinfectant very sensitive. Direct sunlight 2 h, 60 ?栦or 10 minutes and chlorine over 0.3 ~ 0.5ppm3 minutes deaths. Leptospirosis antigen structure of the complex, mainly type-specific antigen and group-specific antigen. Pathogenic Leptospira serum divided into 20 groups, 172 serotypes. China has discovered 18 serogroup, serotype 70. To icterohaemorrhagiae, Clonging group, the dog group, autumn fever group, the Australian group, 7-typhoid and influenza spread wider. Clonging north to the main group. South complex pop group to Icterohaemorrhagiae-pop rice for the main flora. Leptospirosis between the various groups have no cross-immunity. Some bacteria such as icterohaemorrhagiae, influenza and typhoid group between dog group, typhoid and influenza-Clonging between a group of cross-protection.