Testicular congenital anomalies of several symptoms and treatment

- And cryptorchidism disease under normal circumstances, the son of fetal development officials late in the period, down into the testicles that within the scrotum. However, about 3% of the full-term baby and 30% of the occurrence of premature baby cryptorchidism (undescended testes). These babies, the majority of the birth within a few months after testicular down into the scrotum can, However, about 0.8% of the baby born after 2001 have not yet testes down into the scrotum. Cryptorchidism can be manifested as unilateral, but also the performance of both. Cryptorchidism is usually alone, but can also be associated with abnormal urethral (cryptorchid patients 13%) and other congenital anomalies. If male Turner's syndrome (male Turner's syndrome), Prader-Willi syndrome (low muscle tone -- Intelligent low -- low sexual development -- obesity syndrome ) or Reifenstein's syndrome. Cryptorchidism the age of five, testis can be observed in histological changes. Most scholars believe that the juvenile did not drop testicular not lasting fall, delayed puberty may be dropped, the need to wait patiently. If both testes adolescence not yet dropped, then dropped after the rare opportunity; Even testosterone produced normal or slightly less than, will also cause infertility. Right unilateral cryptorchid said, their reproductive capacity is likely to remain normal. Cryptorchidism including the treatment of endocrine therapy and surgical treatment of two ways. Endocrine therapy : mainly aimed at bilateral cryptorchidism, application chorionic gonadotropin, Lewis (1948) advocated the pre-pubescent a two-year pre-CVS gonadotropin 30,000 units ( three times a week, each 500 units); Robinson and Engle and others (1954) that short period blitz of high-dose therapy efficacy better, daily injection of 400 0 ~ 5,000 units, a total of three days, about 20% of children with each marsh can be reduced within the scrotum. Surgical treatment : Where were invalid endocrine therapy should be the treatment of wood hand : Some people think that in general four-six-year-old when the appropriate surgery, Most scholars believe that the latest operation should not exceed 11 years. Surgery has stressed that the importance, not only because of the ability to bear children, but also because of intra-abdominal testes existence of the risk of carcinogenesis. If cryptorchid boys as recurrent genital caused mental burden, or a testicular hormone therapy does not decrease, may lead to psychological obstacles. Because children with repeated inspections of the scrotum and testes location, also parents of children with frustration. Doctors must cryptorchidism and the nature of adult sexual function in the children told their parents, so that they have a correct understanding. 2, ectopic testis from testicular inguinal canal fall, may not drop into the scrotum to the normal position, causing ectopic testis. Ectopic testes is rare, its clinical significance and treatment of the general principles of the same with cryptorchidism. If the diagnosis is clear, it should be generally consider surgical treatment, because the treatment of androgen generally ineffective. Before puberty early for testicular fixation, so that usually can resume normal testicular function. Third, no testicles bilateral congenital no testicles (testicular absence) is extremely rare, with only 61 cases reported. Its causes may be : fetal sex differentiation, fetal testis was damaged by some kind of toxin. Treatment methods are : (1) replacement therapy : Application start puberty testosterone propionate, intramuscular injection three times a week, until the normal genital development; Thereafter dose could be reduced to 10 mg three times a week : or oral (sublingual) methyltestosterone 16 ~ 45 mg / day. (2) surgical therapy : scrotal testicular implant false (silicone rubber or silicone rubber loaded silica gel capsule, the latter better), to relieve patients "like" and psychological disorders. A recent report no testicles transplant patients with testicular successful, the testis from his twin brother. Four more cremaster means testicles number more than two, in the disease first discovered in 1670 and confirmed by pathology. Generally considered not more than three testicles and the left more than the right side. Superfluous little normal testicular development, and long-term existence of ectopic shrinkage of the testicles is the possibility of malignant transformation, it should be redundant testis early surgical resection. 5, and cremaster means integrating both testicles, can occur in the scrotum, as well as in the retroperitoneum. And marsh accompanied other serious congenital abnormality can be little development survivors. 6, Klinefelter embryonic period of the blood supply obstacles or decrease in testis occurred when spermatic reversed, can cause the disease. Cryptorchid, sexually naive and pituitary dysfunction caused when the disease is a common cause. Unilateral Klinefelter because of contralateral testicular compensatory hyperplasia may not need treatment, and patients should cryptorchidism early surgical treatment. 7, testicular hyperplasia testicular hyperplasia refers to more normal testis, and its hardness and local relations were normal anatomy, Common side in the absence of testis or hypoplasia, contralateral testicular compensatory proliferation. No special treatment is needed.