Polymyositis

Overview Polymyositis is a symmetry to weakness, muscle atrophy and muscle-ache for the performance of the major inflammatory myopathy, Department of muscle tissue autoimmune reaction disease, rhabdomyosarcoma with a diffuse inflammatory and degenerative changes. If lesions confined to the muscles, called polymyositis. The same time involving the skin, known as dermatomyositis. Cause pathogenesis of unknown etiology may be infected with the virus and the immune function of the disorder, according to the latter more : ?٠the disease accompanied other connective tissue diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatism, systemic lupus erythematosus, Drying Syndrome; ?ڠright corticosteroid or other immunosuppressive therapy; ?۠polymyositis lymphocytes on embryonic muscle cells cultured with toxicity, Dissimilar muscle homogenates of the North Sea and immune adjuvant to guinea pigs vaccinated, can cause pathological changes of the disease similar to the experimental myositis; ?ܠpatients with existing anti - myosin antibodies, immune complement, anti-nuclear factor, muscle vascular wall IgG, IgM and complement the sediments, there are indications immune complexes induce vascular damage. So the general view that the disease is through antigen-antibody complex complement activation induced allergic-type III (immune complex type). And the infection may be an important factor in the excitation, in the patient with muscle cells isolated CoxsakieA2 have HIV, but also to see the paramyxovirus, Parvovirus inclusion. However, to date there has been the source of infection for HIV Epidemiology under. Clinical manifestations (1) polymyositis (type I) 1. Acute types : acute onset, found in any age. Accompanied by high fever, headache, discomfort and carry loads of serious weakness, muscle and joint body pain, dysphagia. Common facial, orbital weeks, the limb edema, with Myoglobinuric. 2. Subacute and chronic type : can onset at any age, symptoms of systemic infection is not uncommon, often from myasthenia gravis pelvic belt, gradually extended to shoulder girdle, proximal extremities and trunk muscles caused those difficulties, not the rise; throat and respiratory muscle involvement occurred at the pronunciation, dysphagia and respiratory difficulties. Inability muscles accompanied mild muscle atrophy, but they suffer disproportionately, that is shrinking very serious light, unable to. Myocardial involvement can occur when abnormal electrocardiogram and heart failure, severe life-threatening. Minorities can affect smooth muscle and performance of the bladder and rectum sphincter dysfunction. Weakened tendon reflexes or activists. Early course also often suffer muscle tenderness, tenderness and muscle tension. Advanced will have muscle contracture (fiber myositis), muscle and subcutaneous tissue calcification, ossification of the muscles. Fluctuations in the course of this type, and increased spontaneous remission, or is chronic progressive and sustained for many years. middle-aged or older women were more common. Children and youth to post better to see the restoration of persons. (2) or polymyositis dermatomyositis associated with collagen disease (type II), including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, nodular artery periarthritis, such as rheumatic fever. Muscle involvement and the shape and duration similar to type 1, but a considerable number of patients may face a butterfly distribution of red skin rash, Hand skin tight, bright and flexibility (finger stiffen), a Renault, and subcutaneous calcification heel, elbow, knuckle ulcers occur. Even the mild rheumatoid arthritis can be changed into joint systemic lupus erythematosus. Some patients can be symptoms of skin or other connective tissue diseases as the major clinical manifestation, and very light myopathy. (3) polymyositis or dermatomyositis with malignant tumors (type III) - Some of the early symptoms of muscle cancer before symptoms in a few months or few years has emerged, and some have muscle and tumor symptoms and signs appear at the same time. Over the age of 40 polymyositis patients with lung, prostate, breast, ovary, uterus, colon, stomach, pancreas, Ministry of nasopharyngeal cancer; Other parts such as the gall bladder, parotid gland, tonsil cancer and lymphoma. Hodgkin's disease is also reported.