Mitral valve prolapse syndrome

Mitral valve prolapse syndrome, also known as Barlow syndrome, mitral Kara sound a murmur syndrome, Mitral means contraction of the left ventricle when the left atrium prolapse, with and without mitral regurgitation. Clinically, there may be a number of signs and symptoms. [Anatomy of etiology and pathology of the disease -- is a clinical syndrome, according causes can be divided into primary and secondary two categories. Mitral valve prolapse primary cause is not yet clear, some patients have family history, may be autosomal dominant genetic disorder. Autopsies its main organization for mitral myxoid degeneration, long associated with valve and relaxation. Visibility in the Marfan syndrome. Secondary mitral valve prolapse can be found at : coronary heart disease, congenital heart disease (secundum atrial septal ischemia). Clinical diagnosis of the disease, it is customary to refer to primary mitral valve prolapse. Mitral leaves too long in left ventricular systolic broke into the left atrium and mitral valve prolapse form, is likely to affect the mitral valve closed associated with or without mitral regurgitation. ??Performance -- a clinical symptoms majority of asymptomatic patients. Some patients for the initial symptoms of fatigue, dizziness, heart palpitations. See more chest pain, and formation of paroxysmal like angina but not typical. Chest pain were volatile, sustained varying duration, using nitrate drugs efficacy not sure. Heavier patients can suffer from dyspnea, or syncope, some patients had neurological symptoms such as anxiety, psychosis, personality changes, and so on. Second, the typical signs of cardiac auscultation see is the apex zone contraction of advanced non-projectile Kara auditions thereafter followed by late systolic murmur at the left lying even more clearly. Kara sound with the systolic murmur may exist in a vacuum. Kara sound alone suggest only mitral valve prolapse. Because of this valve to the leaf surface uplift atrial suddenly stop and tendons are taut generated. If both systolic murmur said both mitral regurgitation. If mitral valve prolapse associated with moderate and severe regurgitation, may have left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular dysfunction performance. Common arrhythmia. In addition, there are abnormal chest, straight back, spine and other prominent side. [Room laboratories, and other checks -- one, the ECG about two-thirds of the patients have abnormal electrocardiogram, mainly ST and T-wave abnormalities, QT interval prolongation, u-wave, or atrial ventricular arrhythmia, sinus node dysfunction and atrioventricular block, and so on. 2, X-ray light heart sector little heavier mitral regurgitation may have left atrium, left ventricle expansion Left ventricular angiography valve prolapse may clear the number and location. 3, echocardiography and M-mode echocardiography showed : mitral valve closure line (CD) is the advanced hammock-like protrusion. Two-dimensional echocardiography showed : mitral systolic anterior or posterior lobe of the left atrium prominent across the mitral annulus, Doppler ultrasound examination, if associated with mitral regurgitation, in the left atrium adjacent to enable the detection of systolic turbulence spectrum, Two-dimensional color Doppler mapping of mitral valve regurgitation, and measure the flow back to its size. [Diagnosis of mitral valve -- Kara sound-systolic murmur diagnosis of the presence of very helpful with echocardiography examination can be diagnosed. in the diagnosis of a suspicious person can be left ventricular angiography. [Treatment] asymptomatic persons without treatment. Have symptoms, should receive acupuncture treatment. ?٠arrhythmia, which might be the main reason for sudden death of VPB and paroxysmal tachycardia. Optional 30-60mg/ intentions De'an, three times per day. Progressive invalid available 0.4~0.6g/ amiodarone, or quinidine 0.6~1.2g/, three times. ?ڠchest pain, taking propranolol had not worked, could change nifedipine or verapamil. ?۠prevention of infectious endocarditis, such as extraction, surgery, skin infections, urinary tract infection, upper respiratory infection. Use of Antibiotics for preventive treatment. ?ܠsevere mitral regurgitation, viable valve replacement surgery.